Objectives:
The development of space technology and its widespread use for civilian and military purposes are increasing the importance of space for the functioning of a modern state. The widespread use of space has led to an increase in potential threats. The main goal of this article is to demonstrate the nature and growing number of cyber and signal threats directed against space infrastructure.

Methods:
This study is based on qualitative research methods, including document analysis of open-source intelligence materials, strategic policy documents, and industry reports published between 2020 and 2025, , as well as peer-reviewed articles in academic journals.

Results:
The aim of this article is to identify and systematize contemporary cyber and signal threats to space infrastructure, analyse their underlying causes, and assess selected technological and strategic approaches – particularly those based on artificial intelligence – aimed at strengthening system resilience.

Conclusions:
The analysis conducted confirms that cyber and signal threats to space infrastructure have become systemic in nature, affecting not only technical components but also organizational and regulatory dimensions of security. The article contributes to the academic discussion by integrating technological, organizational, and strategic perspectives on space cybersecurity.